Connectors

Some words which function as connectors to join words, clauses or sentences are listed below:

1. la [and]

e.g, (a) Ram, Laxman la Bharat, miilanru so a’ne. [Ram, Laxman and Bharat, all of them, came here.]

(b) Pen soye la pencil soye, dukan hokii rii’bii. [Buy a pen and a pencil from shop.]

2. nyi [and (used for two people)]

e.g, (a) Ram, Laxman nyi ngiika ajin. [Ram and Laxman are my friends.]

(b) Akku, Yami nyi, Itanagar hokii cha’do. [Akku and Yami have come from Itanagar.]

(c) Akku, Yami nyi, anyuru Ziro cha’ne. [Both Akku and Yami went to Ziro.]

3. -ke le [as]

e.g, (a) Ngo ka’bo biike le, Tapu a’la done. Or, Ngo ka’bo biike le, Tapu mi, a’la dopa kapa to. [As I looked across, I saw Tapu coming.]

(b) Ngo, yasan ta’ke le ala ta’bya siito. [I hurt my hand (palm) as I splitted the firewood.]

(c) Tatung a’da kiile, bomb boo’da ne. [Just as Tatung came, the bomb explode.]

4. -lyi ho [while]

e.g, (a) Aba, apin dii’lyi ho lu’rii siiyo hiidu. [Father tells us not to talk while taking meal.]

(b) Putu cha’lyi ho, pulyang cha’pe kendo. [While climbing mountain one shall move till the peak is reached. Or(literally), While climbing mountain one shall reach the peak.]

5. lala/ hela [after]

e.g, (a) Mo apin dii’la lala imi neku. [He/She slept after eating meal.]

(b) Ngo, so, apin dii’te hela ato. [I came here after I had my meal.]

6. hopa [so]

e.g, Ngo, siilo, doctor mi kapa kendo hopa school a’laa kenma. [ I shall see doctor today, so, I shall not be able to come to school.]

7. hiika hopa [therefore]

e.g, Ngo, biilyo, doli achi’la doto hiika hopa school a’ma to. [Yesterday I was suffering from sickness, therefore, I did not come to school.]

8. (-do/du/da) ranpa or doran pa[when something is still in process]

e.g, (a) Ngo a’la doran pa, bus har’nu biine. [Bus went off when I was still coming.]

(b) Tatung ke’do ranpa, teacher paper mi ro’bii neku. [Teacher snatched away Tatung’s paper when he was still writing.]

(c) Mo, tarii aya doran pa, ri’pah biine. [He/She throw away his/her shirt when it was still in good condition.]

9. maran pa / -ma ranpa [before something is being done]

e.g, Ngo, station ho a’chi maran pa, bus har’ri dane. [Bus started off before I reached the station.]

10. jalo [even if]

e.g, Aba ga’da biilyi jalo, ngo, cinema ka’te talyi. [Even if Father scold me, I will go to see movie.]

jalo [either]

e.g, Pen jalo pencil, ako-ako mi, la’bii he. [Take either pen or pencil.]

11. -ja lopa/ jalo pa [even after]

e.g, Diiro miima siija lopa, ngiika une hen’pyo yama. [My wound is not healing even after applying medicine.]

12. hojalo [still]

e.g, No reng siidu do, hojalo, ngiimi bazar lin’kun pe. [You must be feeling tired, still, please accompany me to the market.]

13. hoja lopa [still then]

e.g, Richo ngiimi school nyima ke hiila lu’ne, hoja lopa, ngo a’ka talyi. [Richo told me that the school is closed today, still then, I will go and see.]